硫酸是一種最活潑的二元無(wú)機(jī)強(qiáng)酸，能和許多金屬發(fā)生反應(yīng)。高濃度的硫酸有強(qiáng)烈吸水性，可用作脫水劑，碳化木材、紙張、棉麻織物及生物皮肉等含碳水化合物的物質(zhì)。與水混合時(shí)，亦會(huì)放出大量熱能。其具有強(qiáng)烈的腐蝕性和氧化性，故需謹(jǐn)慎使用。是一種重要的工業(yè)原料，可用于制造肥料、藥物、炸藥、顏料、洗滌劑、蓄電池等，也廣泛應(yīng)用于凈化石油、金屬冶煉以及染料等工業(yè)中。常用作化學(xué)試劑，在有機(jī)合成中可用作脫水劑和磺化劑。
Sulfuric acid is one of the most active binary inorganic strong acids, which can react with many metals. High concentration sulfuric acid has strong water absorption and can be used as dehydrating agent, carbohydrate-containing substances such as carbonized wood, paper, cotton and linen fabrics and biological skin and meat. When mixed with water, a large amount of heat is released. It has strong corrosiveness and oxidation, so it should be used cautiously. As an important industrial raw material, it can be used in the manufacture of fertilizers, drugs, explosives, pigments, detergents, batteries, etc. It is also widely used in the purification of petroleum, metal smelting and dyestuff industries. It is often used as a chemical reagent, dehydrating agent and sulfonating agent in organic synthesis.
工業(yè)濃硫酸
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